云南丽江英文导游词1
Hello everyone.My name is Yang yifei,you can call me xiaoyang if you like.It is a honour for me to have the chance to introduce the lijiang to you.
It is said there is a fairyland beneath the colorful clouds of southern China. A place blessed with fresh air, clear streams, breathtaking snow-capped mountains, and an undisturbed landscape inhabited by a friendly group of people. Life in this fairyland is so peaceful, a fairyland called Lijiang, located at the hub of Tibet, Yunnan and Sichuan provinces. While the geographical position of Lijiang City is remote, it has the advantage of ensuring a pleasant year round climate and a wide variety of tourist resources in the 20,600 square kilometers area. The earliest recorded history of Lijiang can be traced back to the Warring States Period (476 BC-221 BC) but with the advent of the Tang Dynasty (618-907), the local economy reached a peak with the development of the Ancient Tea-Horse Road which made a great contribution to both commercial and cultural communication between Tibet, Sichuan and Yunnan provinces. At present, Lijiang City is an attractive tourist destination in Yunnan Province that exercises jurisdiction over four counties and an Old Town District. Lijiang is the main region inhabited by Naxi Group, one of China's 55 minority ethnic groups. In its long history, the local residents have established their splendid Dongba Culture which has absorbed aspects of the culture of Tibet and the Central Plains along the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River. The various souvenirs marked with these Dongba hieroglyphs are very popular with visitors from home and abroad.
Lijiang has the best preserved ancient town in China - the Old Town which has been listed in the World Cultural Heritages by UNESCO in 1997. The Old Town was once the center of Lijiang and continues to maintain the original flavor of the local lifestyle, the typical groups of buildings and the profound cultural heritage of the region. When wandering along Square Street or any other streets in the Old Town, you will be struck by the peaceful surroundings. From enjoying the sight of the setting sun from historic hotels to local farmsteads, there are many favorable things here for travelers. Naturally, there are a number of tour destinations to enhance your visit as well. Among them, the most famous is Mufu (Mu's Palace) which should not be missed during your trip.
Around Lijiang, there are a number of splendid natural beauty spots that will certainly astonish you. If you like to see superlative natural scenery, Jade Dragon Snow Mountain which provides a majestic backdrop to the Moon-Embracing Pavilion at Black Dragon Pond will fulfill your desire. For those seeking an exotic experience in Lijiang, a visit to the Mosuo People beside Lugu Lake is a must. They are called the last 'Kingdom of Women' on earth. If you would like to experience the local lifestyle, then come and participate in one or more of their various festivals that are held throughout the year. Lijiang does not have a direct rail link and is reached by travelers by air or by coach. However, having got to Lijiang, visiting round and about is easy with the help of the city buses, taxis or for the more energetic by bicycle. However, please don't forget to save some time to walk in Lijiang. Along your way, you must visit some of the souvenir shops and taste some local dishes and snacks. At night, the famous bar street in the Old Town is really worth a visit. No matter where you go, you will find a harmonious combination of tradition and fashion in Lijiang City.
The smart and unsophisticated Naxi people who have long inhabited Lijiang preserve the unique and profuse Dongba Culture. In fact, a great number of scholars and travelers are attracted to this mysterious place more for the culture than its charming sceneries. Dongba Culture is of a religious nature and make up the most important component of the ancient Naxi culture. However, before the form of the Dongba Culture, the Naxi people in Lijiang followed the native religion of sorcery. During the Tang (618-907) and Song (960-1279) dynasties, a series of the other cultures, such as the Tibetan Bon Religion, Buddhism and Taoism, were introduced into this region, affecting the native religion. Along with the impact and blending among these various cultures, the new Dongba Religion was founded. The Dongba Culture is said to been passed on by the Dongbas who were sages that integrated song, dance, the classics, history, painting and medicine. They enjoyed a high social position within the Naxi group because they were considered as mediums between humans, gods and ghosts, as well as are able to remove disasters and guarantee good fortunes. At present, there are no more than 30 Dongbas living in Lijiang, so it is a memorable experience for travelers to visit these Dongbas.
Dongba Characters The immense Dongba Culture consists of its writings, scriptures, paintings, dance and music. Amongst them, the Dongba characters are not surprisingly the soul of the Dongba Culture. Enjoying a history of over 1,000 years, it is still used by a few Naxi people even now. At first, the Dongba character was just a kind of hieroglyphic recorded on wood and stone. Later, with the use of paper, the use of characters gained popularity and gained its formal name. As a rare cultural treasure for all mankind, the Dongba character is the only existing hieroglyphic in China and praised to be the 'Living Fossil' showing the characters' origin and development of human society.
Dongba Scriptures All Dongba scriptures were written in the picture-like characters, so they are not interpretable by ordinary folk. However, under the help of the Dongbas, some scriptures were translated into Mandarin and shown to readers at the end of the last century. These scriptures contain almost all aspects of the Naxi people, ranging from the nation's legends and history to traditional dancing and music. Now, these Dongba scriptures are kept in many countries other than China, such as the United States of America, Canada, Japan, Britain, France, Germany and Austria.
Dongba Paintings Traditionally, the exquisite and colorful Dongba paintings completely reveal the beliefs and good wishes of the Naxi people. Some of them are drawn to depict the daily lives of locals. The most famous Dongba painting is the Painting of Sacred Road to Heaven which is approximately 14 meters long and 0.26 meters wide. This painting tells the story of how the dying man's soul is released from suffering. Vivid scenes describe how he passes into Hell, the human world, the natural heaven and finally Heaven. Nowadays, local artisans have created a series of modern Dongba paintings that retain the essence of those from more traditional times.
Dongba Dance and Music The same to the other minorities, dance and music play vital roles in the Naxi people's daily life. The classical Naxi dance is the Dongba dance which is a kind of religious dance being played in the sacrifice events. However, most of these dancing show the locals' fight against the natural world and the forces of evil. There are about 60 kinds of dance recorded in two Dongba scriptures, including animal dance, sword and bow dance as well as the God dance. In fact, most of dance movements prefer to imitate animals, such as tiger, elephant, frog, monkey and eagle. In the sacrifice events of Dongba Religion, the dance is usually accompanied with the Dongba music (also the Naxi Ancient Music). The content of these music is mainly derived from the scriptures and widely singing by the Naxi people. The used instruments include ring, drum, gong and cymbal, producing simple but impressive rhythm. Fortunately, when come to Lijiang, traveler can enjoy the Dongba dance and music shows in the Dongba Palace and Naxi Concert Hall.
云南丽江英文导游词2
The Ancient Town of Lijiang Ladies and gentleman: I am very pleased to serve as your tour guide. Today we are going to visit the ancient town of Lijiang------before we get there, Id like to give you a brief introduction to it.
Located in northwest of YN province, Lijiang is about 580 kilometers away from KM with an average elevation of 2400 meters. The population of Lijiang is about 1.12 million. Among which the population of Naxi the main nationality here, is 260000.so how about the surroundings of Lijiang. Located in the north of Lijiang town, the Yulong snow mountains is the southernmost modern marine glaciers in the temperate zone of the north hemisphere. the other famous scenic spots around Lijiang are--- the Laojunshan mountain, Lugu lake and the Tiger Leaping Gorge which are also very famous and attracted many tourists. The famous characteristics of Naxi culture are the 3 living fossils, they are----the character fossil. Created in Tang Dynasty, the Dongba character was regarded as the only existing hieroglyph; and the music fossil, the Naxi ancient music, later we will fully appreciate the beauty and mystery of the music, I will give you more details; and the third fossil is the human society fossil, the Mosuo matriarchal family.Most Mosuo people living near the Lugu lake still practice their walking marriage custom. At night the man comes to the womans house and return to his house in the morning, so they live separately. Women manage the households and yield works, play a more important role than men in family life. Now we have come to the ancient town of Lijiang, which enjoys the fame eastern Venice. And it has another name-Dayan town, which literally means a great ink slab, with Lion Mountain in the west and Elephant Mountain in the north, the ancient town is surrounded by green hills, so it looks like a jade ink slab. The town was first built in song dynasty and has a long history of 800 years. In 1997 it was listed in the world culture heritage.
Now we are arriving at the entrance to the town, as you can see, there is a big carved wall in front of us, from the figures on the surface of the wall, you can see a character who has similar image to a monk, but in Naxi culture he is a Dongba whose function is like a priest in Christianity, he plays a very important role in Naxi peoples life. Especially for faith.
Going ahead we will see a white screen with an inscription by former leader Jiang zeming on May 2 1997 meaning the worlds cultural heritage: the ancient town of the Lijiang. Now you can see the old town has no walls, it was said that the hereditary ruler of Lijiang used to be surnamed Mu but If this character Mu was surrounded with a frame or a wall, it would become an another Chinese character ---Kun, which means siege or predicament. So there is no stone wall surrounded, very different from other old town in china right?
Ok lets pay attention to the two waterwheels, which are said to be lover waterwheels or mother and son waterwheels, but no matter what they stand for, they have the same meaning---they will nestle to each other for ever.
Follow me, Lets walk up to the Yulong bridge, the spring from the Yulong snow mountain is divided into 3 branches and sub-branches to flow into the old town. So let me give you a tip, because there are so many streets and lanes in the town, it is like a maze. if you are lost , you can easily find the entrance to the ancient town by walking up any of the streams. So everyone is here? Lets go into the old town. The road under our feet is parallel to the streams which can wash the road when blocked up, so the streets are neither muddy in the rainy season nor dusty in the dry season. The town depends on water for existence, so there are so many streams that more than 350 wooden or stone bridges in the town were built. And the most famous bridges are the Baisui Bridge and Dashi Bridge which also called Men Bridge. Through the Dashi Bridge, now we have come to the Sifang Street, which means Square Street. Because it looks like a Chinese seal meaning ruling everywhere, it is the center of the ancient town. The square street is surrounded by five main streets; they are Xinhua Wuyi Qiyi Guangyi Xinyi leading in all directions. In ancient times ，it had been an important marketing center on the ancient Tea-Horse Road. The trade history was more than 300 years. But now many handicraft shops, tea houses and restaurants make it a sea of the visitors. In every Saturdays evening. The Naxi people usually gather and dance here, unfortunately today is Monday we cant catch that fantastic night. And around the square there are many protected Naxi traditional building, the typical styles are “three houses and one screen wall” and “four houses and five courtyards. This building is called Kegong Archway, it was built 100 years ago to honor the 3 brothers passed the provincial official enrolling exams. The original building was 2 storied, but it was destroyed by fire and rebuilt as 3-story on the former site Now the Naxi boys and girls are coming, you can see the Naxi men have the same clothes as Han people, on the contrary, most Naxi women wear blue blouses and trousers, covered by blue or black aprons. The T-shaped traditional ape On the back symbolizes the heavens, the seven embroidered circles symbolize the Dipper. 2 larger circles, one on each shoulder, symbolize sun and moon, which mean they work day and night, so it is very lucky to marry a Naxi woman, (bachelors should not miss this opportunity.) Now we are enjoying the Naxi ancient music, it was praised by the contemporary as the “living fossil of music “it is composed of “Baisha Fine music”“dongjing music”and ”huangjing music” and all the performers are Naxi minority. There are usually 24 players in the group, some of them are aged. They use the original instruments, which are not seen in other parts of the world. There are more than 5 theaters for this Chinese classic music. But all of them are quite atmospheric, with wooden stages for the musicians and wood chairs and benches for the audiences, sitting here, listening to the Naxi music; you will be lost in this chinas Shangri-la. Now our visit to Lijiang is drawing to a close, I am afraid everyone must be hungry. Now we will go back to the hotel and have supper. At night we will join the campfire with Naxi people. Lets go!!!!
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